Aglepristone is used as a safe abortion drug for cats, dogs and rabbits. Although finding no serious side effects of it, we also have no information available about its effects on haematological parameters.
For the first time clinical and ultrasonographic features and haematological profiles were evaluated in rabbits treated with aglepristone 15 and 16 days after mating. Ten healthy New Zealand White female rabbits of 10–14 month-old were mated with fertile males and their pregnancies were confirmed by ultrasound after 15 days. Among them, 5 were treated with aglepristone (test group, n=5) while the remaining five (control group, n=5) were treated with a saline solution (0.9% NaCl). The treatment dosage was 10 mg/kg body weight, administered subcutaneously once daily on two consecutive days (day 15 and 16 after copulation). Ultrasonographic, clinical and haematological examinations were conducted daily. Aglepristone treatment induced embryonic fluid resorptions without foetal death in mid-gestation terminations. After ultrasonographic and haematological examinations done, aglepristone was confirmed to be a safe abortion drug for rabbits.
As a progesterone receptor blocker, the function of aglepristone has previously been studied in mid-term termination of pregnancy and the prevention of implantation in rabbits. Aglepristone is a synthetic steroid with anti-progesterone activity. Furthermore, it is widely used as the first licensed antiprogestin in small animal practice in most European, Latin American and Pacific countries. Although aglepristone is applied to cats and dogs, there are fully-testified side effects.
As is reported, there are anorexia, necrosis, itching at injection sites and a decline in body temperature. Transient and reversible haematological changes have been reported in 4.5% of dogs after the application of aglepristone, including neutrophilia, neutropaenia, thrombocytosis, haematocrit variation, lymphocytosis and lymphopaenia.
However, for rabbits, aglepristone’s abortifacient effects and prevention of implantation have no clinical side effects. Even in the future mating behavior, pregnancy and parturition rates, are well recorded. Embryonic or foetal development and placental growth can be testified by ultrasonographic examinations. Pregnancy can be confirmed through ultrasonography based on the detection of embryonic vesicles on the 6th day of pregnancy and heartbeat of an embryo on the 14th day after mating in rabbits.
Ultrasonography is also an important method for monitoring embryonic or foetal viability, so it is useful to determine foetal mortality in induced abortions in rabbits. Haematological examinations, in turn, are used to examine general health and physiological changes in animals. During treatment, routine haematological monitoring is suggested to enable identification and control of any toxic side effects of the medication. Although finding no serious side effects of aglepristone clinically, we alos get no information on haematological changes during aglepristone application in rabbits. This study therefore aimed at describing the clinical features and haematological profiles after aglepristone-induced abortions by monitoring the foetus, foetal membranes and embryonic vesicles ultrasonographically during the abortion process.
Aglepristone
Wednesday, May 15, 2019
Monday, March 25, 2019
Inhibition of dihydromyricetin on several common bacteria in Food
Plants themselves can synthesize certain secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity and act as a defense against microorganisms. Some flavonoids and isoflavones belong to secondary metabolites of this plant and also have certain antibacterial activity. It has been reported that flavonoids, flavonol flavone ligands and apigenin ligands have certain Antibacterial activities. Dihydromyricetin, known as dihydromyricetin (DMY), is also a flavonoid found in the stems and leaves of Ampelopsis grosseden-tata plants. The DMY monomer of effective fraction is above 27%, which has research and development value. Studies have shown that the leaf extract of the ampelopsis grossedentata has a certain inhibitory effect on bacteria and mold, and the antibacterial activity of DMY has not been reported. Therefore, this experiment aims to study the antibacterial effect of DMY on several common bacteria in food, in order to provide reference for food preservation and DMY development. Food is easily susceptible to suffer microbial contamination and decays. Adding micro-preservatives to foods is a convenient, low-cost, cost-efficient, good-effect method to prevent food from rotting. It plays an irreplaceable role in actual production. At present, commonly used preservatives in production include sorbic acid, benzoic acid, parabens, etc., which have certain toxicity. With the enhancement of people's living standards, it's irresistible that food preservatives with health-care functions need to be developed.
Milk rancid mixed bacteria: 1% mixed bacteria were inoculated with different amounts of DMY and benzoic acid broth, and cultured at 37 °C on a shaker. The A60 value was determined by timing sampling, and the inoculation medium without preservative was used as a contrast.
Yeast: Using a potato liquid medium at 28 ° C, and other culture conditions were the same as above.
Penicillium citrinum: 1ml of different concentrations of DMY aqueous solution was added to the plates, poured into 15ml culture medium, mixed, made into a plate, and 1ml of sterile water was used as a blank control. After the plate was solidified, the glass rod was used in the alcohol lamp. Three small holes with a diameter of 5 mm or so are melted in different parts of the plate (there is still a layer of medium at the bottom of the hole). In each cave, 0.01 ml of a spore suspension for the mold was poured, and after inoculation, it was allowed to stand still for 2 hours. After the spore suspension was swallowed, it was cultured in a 28 ° C incubator, and the colony diameter was measured every 24 hours. Draw a growth curve of mold.
Bacteriostatic experiment and dihydromyricetin
| Name | Dihydromyricetin |
| Alias | Ampelopsin; 27200-12-0; Ampeloptin; (+)-Dihydromyricetin; (+)-Ampelopsin |
| CAS No. | 27200-12-0 |
| Formula | C15H12O8 |
| Weight | 320.253 g/mol |
| Usage | Pharmaceuticals/Intermediates |
| Appearance | White powder |
Milk rancid mixed bacteria: 1% mixed bacteria were inoculated with different amounts of DMY and benzoic acid broth, and cultured at 37 °C on a shaker. The A60 value was determined by timing sampling, and the inoculation medium without preservative was used as a contrast.
Yeast: Using a potato liquid medium at 28 ° C, and other culture conditions were the same as above.
Penicillium citrinum: 1ml of different concentrations of DMY aqueous solution was added to the plates, poured into 15ml culture medium, mixed, made into a plate, and 1ml of sterile water was used as a blank control. After the plate was solidified, the glass rod was used in the alcohol lamp. Three small holes with a diameter of 5 mm or so are melted in different parts of the plate (there is still a layer of medium at the bottom of the hole). In each cave, 0.01 ml of a spore suspension for the mold was poured, and after inoculation, it was allowed to stand still for 2 hours. After the spore suspension was swallowed, it was cultured in a 28 ° C incubator, and the colony diameter was measured every 24 hours. Draw a growth curve of mold.
conclusion
Flavonoids are widely existed in natural foods such as vegetables, fruits, and tea, which can reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, inhibit the self-swallowing of white blood cells, and antiviral and antibacterial effects. Studies have shown that phenolic substances can destroy the integrity of cell wall and cell membrane, resulting in the release of intracellular components from microbial cells. This will cause dysfunction of membrane electron transport, nutrient absorption, nucleotide synthesis and ATP activity, thereby inhibiting microbial growth. DMY is a flavonoid substance extracted from the ampelopsis grossedentata, but its antibacterial effect is rarely reported. In this paper, the inhibitory effect of DMY on several common bacteria in food was studied. The results showed that DMY had significant inhibitory effects on milk rancid mixed flora and mold. The rancid mixed flora of milk is mainly based on bacteria and has strong adaptability. The mixed bacteria group treated with DMY in this experiment shows that the antibacterial effect is enhanced with the increase of concentration, and the antibacterial effect of DMY is the best with .1%. It can be inferred that DMY has an inhibitory effect on bacteria on the mold. As the concentration of DMY increases, the antibacterial activity increases, and the antibacterial effect is best with 0.1% aqueous solution. The antibacterial effect on yeast is not obvious. It may be due to the thick cell wall of yeast cells. It is difficult for DMY to pass through the cell wall to act on the cell membrane, and yeast is a single-cell microorganism. Therefore, DMY has an inhibitory effect on common bacterial milk rancid bacteria and penicillium citrinum in food preservation. In addition, as a food additive, DMY is safe and easy to obtain, and have certain health-care effects on the human body. Therefore, it can be applied to fruits and vegetables susceptible to mold and anti-corrosion and preservation of dairy products that are easily infected by milk rancidity.Friday, March 22, 2019
Dihydromyricetin, the "soft gold" in flavonoids
The magical effect of rattan tea was interpreted in Western Medicine:
Dihydromyricetin, a special flavonoid extracted from vine tea, is called "soft gold in flavonoids".
This kind of substance have various peculiar effects such as scavenging free radicals, anti-oxidation, anti-thrombosis, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, etc.. As a special flavonoid compound, in addition to the general characteristics of flavonoids, dihydromyricetin has the following characteristics:
The general flavonoids are nearly insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol (alcohol), while dihydromyricetin is easily soluble in hot water, which means that dihydromyricetin in vine tea can be soaked out with boiling water with better benefits;
In addition to the role of general flavonoids, dihydromyricetin also has the effects of relieving alcoholism, preventing alcoholic liver and fatty liver, inhibiting liver cell deterioration, and reducing the incidence of liver cancer;
Dihydromyricetin has a small molecular weight (320), which makes it easier to pass through the blood-brain barrier and quicker to take effect.
Rattan tea is called the "king of flavonoids"
The statistics of The research progress of rattan Tea from the Institute of Biological Science and Technology in Hubei University for Nationalities show that the total flavonoids (mainly dihydromyricetin) accounts for 36%-45.1% of the rattan tea. Rattan tea extract pharmacological efficac. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the total flavonoid content of these substances' comparison with rattan tea are as follows:
Flavonoid Content Multiples
Rattan tea 36%—45.1% /
Ginkgo biloba 0.40% 110
Propolis 1.0% 45
Eucommia 0.1% 450
Eucommia 5.0% 9
The effects of dihydromyricetin
Dihydromyricetin(Generally called Ampelopsin or DIM), It is a flavanonol with antioxidant and anti-cancer activity, a type of flavonoid. found to have anti-alcohol intoxication effects. It is found in the Ampelopsis species japonica, megalophylla, and Grossedentata; Cercidiphyllum japonicum; Hovenia Dulcis; Rhododendron Cinnabarinum; some Pinus species; and some Cedrus species, as well as in Salix sachalinensis. If you want to buy or know more about this ingredient, please go here. Buy bulk powder
NameDihydromyricetinAliasAmpelopsin; 27200-12-0; Ampeloptin; (+)-Dihydromyricetin; (+)-AmpelopsinCAS No.27200-12-0FormulaC15H12O8Weight320.253 g/molUsagePharmaceuticals/IntermediatesAppearanceWhite powder
Dihydromyricetin has significant effects in cleansing blood, reducing blood viscosity, anti-thrombosis, and clearing blood poison. According to The research progress of the pharmacological action of Dihydromyricetin, dihydromyricetin has the following effects:
Dihydromyricetin is a strong antioxidant that can effectively eliminate oxygen free radicals in the body. Its antioxidation can prevent cell degradation and aging, and can also prevent cancer.
Dihydromyricetin can improve blood circulation, lower cholesterol to greatly reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It can also improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Dihydromyricetin has been proved to reduce blood glucose by 26% and glyceryl triglyceride by 39% in animal experiments. It has a good effect on retinopathy and capillary embrittlement caused by diabetes.
Dihydromyricetin can inhibit the exudation of inflammatory biological enzymes, and improve wound healing and pain relief. It has strong anti-histamine property, which can be used for all kinds of allergies.
Dihydromyricetin has anti-tumor and anti-cancer effects. It has dual functions of prevention and treatment, not only for the tumor but for 14 kinds of cancers such as liver cancer, lung cancer, and stomach cancer.
Tea is precious due to its rare "selenium", Rattan tea with selenium is healthier
Rattan tea is rich in selenium, which is more beneficial.
Whether vine tea contains selenium determines the efficacy and quality of vine tea. Enshi is known as the “Selenium of the World”. Its soil and water is rich in selenium so 70% of China's selenium comes from there. The vine tea produced in Laifeng has plentiful selenium, which can meet the selenium intake requirement (50-200ug recommended per person per day).
The research data of the Institute of Biological Science and Technology of Hubei University for Nationalities show that the selenium content of the vine tea produced in Laifeng has 50-100 ug selenium per 100 g of it, which is a unique characteristic of vine tea in Laifeng.
Dihydromyricetin, a special flavonoid extracted from vine tea, is called "soft gold in flavonoids".
This kind of substance have various peculiar effects such as scavenging free radicals, anti-oxidation, anti-thrombosis, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, etc.. As a special flavonoid compound, in addition to the general characteristics of flavonoids, dihydromyricetin has the following characteristics:
The general flavonoids are nearly insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol (alcohol), while dihydromyricetin is easily soluble in hot water, which means that dihydromyricetin in vine tea can be soaked out with boiling water with better benefits;
In addition to the role of general flavonoids, dihydromyricetin also has the effects of relieving alcoholism, preventing alcoholic liver and fatty liver, inhibiting liver cell deterioration, and reducing the incidence of liver cancer;
Dihydromyricetin has a small molecular weight (320), which makes it easier to pass through the blood-brain barrier and quicker to take effect.
Rattan tea is called the "king of flavonoids"
The statistics of The research progress of rattan Tea from the Institute of Biological Science and Technology in Hubei University for Nationalities show that the total flavonoids (mainly dihydromyricetin) accounts for 36%-45.1% of the rattan tea. Rattan tea extract pharmacological efficac. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the total flavonoid content of these substances' comparison with rattan tea are as follows:
Flavonoid Content Multiples
Rattan tea 36%—45.1% /
Ginkgo biloba 0.40% 110
Propolis 1.0% 45
Eucommia 0.1% 450
Eucommia 5.0% 9
The effects of dihydromyricetin
Dihydromyricetin(Generally called Ampelopsin or DIM), It is a flavanonol with antioxidant and anti-cancer activity, a type of flavonoid. found to have anti-alcohol intoxication effects. It is found in the Ampelopsis species japonica, megalophylla, and Grossedentata; Cercidiphyllum japonicum; Hovenia Dulcis; Rhododendron Cinnabarinum; some Pinus species; and some Cedrus species, as well as in Salix sachalinensis. If you want to buy or know more about this ingredient, please go here. Buy bulk powder
NameDihydromyricetinAliasAmpelopsin; 27200-12-0; Ampeloptin; (+)-Dihydromyricetin; (+)-AmpelopsinCAS No.27200-12-0FormulaC15H12O8Weight320.253 g/molUsagePharmaceuticals/IntermediatesAppearanceWhite powder
Dihydromyricetin has significant effects in cleansing blood, reducing blood viscosity, anti-thrombosis, and clearing blood poison. According to The research progress of the pharmacological action of Dihydromyricetin, dihydromyricetin has the following effects:
Dihydromyricetin is a strong antioxidant that can effectively eliminate oxygen free radicals in the body. Its antioxidation can prevent cell degradation and aging, and can also prevent cancer.
Dihydromyricetin can improve blood circulation, lower cholesterol to greatly reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It can also improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Dihydromyricetin has been proved to reduce blood glucose by 26% and glyceryl triglyceride by 39% in animal experiments. It has a good effect on retinopathy and capillary embrittlement caused by diabetes.
Dihydromyricetin can inhibit the exudation of inflammatory biological enzymes, and improve wound healing and pain relief. It has strong anti-histamine property, which can be used for all kinds of allergies.
Dihydromyricetin has anti-tumor and anti-cancer effects. It has dual functions of prevention and treatment, not only for the tumor but for 14 kinds of cancers such as liver cancer, lung cancer, and stomach cancer.
Tea is precious due to its rare "selenium", Rattan tea with selenium is healthier
Rattan tea is rich in selenium, which is more beneficial.
Whether vine tea contains selenium determines the efficacy and quality of vine tea. Enshi is known as the “Selenium of the World”. Its soil and water is rich in selenium so 70% of China's selenium comes from there. The vine tea produced in Laifeng has plentiful selenium, which can meet the selenium intake requirement (50-200ug recommended per person per day).
The research data of the Institute of Biological Science and Technology of Hubei University for Nationalities show that the selenium content of the vine tea produced in Laifeng has 50-100 ug selenium per 100 g of it, which is a unique characteristic of vine tea in Laifeng.
The role of selenium
According to Medical Health, selenium has the following effects:
Enhance immunity. Organic selenium can eliminate free radicals in the body, remove internal toxins, resist oxidation, clear cholesterol, and enhance immune function.
Prevent diabetes. Improve the symptoms of diabetic patients.
Prevent cataracts. Selenium is capable of protecting the retina, enhancing the smoothness of the vitreous, improving vision, and preventing cataracts.
Prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Selenium is a vital element maintaining the normal function of the heart, and it has a protective and repairing effect on the heart.
Protect the liver. Selenium supplementation can reduce the incidence of liver cancer by 35%, and the incidence of patients who have a history of liver cancer in families is reduced by 50%.
Comprehensive nutrition, recovery without recurrence
Due to the specific climate and natural conditions in the Enshilaifeng area, the vine tea produced it is extremely rich in nutrition:
Firstly, it is rich in a variety of trace elements, iron, copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium, manganese, selenium, sodium, fluorine, iodine, potassium and so on.
Secondly, it is rich in 17 kinds of amino acids.
Rich nutrients help to strengthen the body's resistance and restore health without recurrence.
Thursday, March 21, 2019
2,4-Difluorobenzonitrile
| Name | 2,4-Difluorobenzonitrile |
| Alias | 2,4-Difluorobenzenecarbonitrile; 2,4-Difluorobenzenecarbonitrile; Benzonitrile, 2,4-difluoro-; 2,4-difluoro-benzonitrile; 2,4-Difluoro Benzonitrile |
| CAS No. | 103496-86-2; 3939-09-1 |
| Formula | C7H3F2N |
| Weight | 139.105 g/mol |
| Usage | Cosmetics/Pharmaceuticals/Intermediates |
| Appearance | White Crystalline Powder |
Analysis Of Product
| Tests | Specifications | Results |
| Assay (HPLC) | ≥98.0% | 99.5% |
| Appearance | White Crystalline Powder | Complies |
| Water content | ≤0.5% | 0.2% |
2,4-Difluoro Benzonitrile is colorless transparent liquid. Its melting point is 45-50 ° C. It's mainly used as a pharmaceutical intermediate.
It is harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. It is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. If your eyes accidentally contact with it, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
When using it, you must wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and goggle or masks.
2,3-pyrazine dicarboxylic acid
| Name | 2,3-pyrazine dicarboxylic acid |
| Alias | Pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid; Pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylate; 2,3-Dicarboxypyrazine; 2,3-Pyrazinedicarboxylic acid |
| CAS No. | 89-01-0 |
| Formula | C6H4N2O4 |
| Weight | 168.108 g/mol |
| Usage | Pharmaceuticals/Intermediates |
| Appearance | White powder |
Analysis Of Product
| Tests | Specifications | Results |
| Assay (HPLC) | ≥99.0% | 99.7% |
| Appearance | Almost white crystalline powder | Complies |
| Water Content | ≤0.5% | Complies |
| Total Impurities | ≤2.0% | Complies |
2',3'-Dideoxycytidine
| Name | 2',3'-Dideoxycytidine |
| Alias | zalcitabine; Dideoxycytidine; ddCyd |
| CAS No. | 7481-89-2 |
| Formula | C9H13N3O3 |
| Weight | 211.221 g/mol |
| Usage | Pharmaceuticals/Intermediates |
| Appearance | White powder |
Analysis Of Product
| Tests | Specifications | Results |
| Assay (HPLC) | ＞98% | 98.80% |
| Flash Point | 204.8ºC | Conform |
| Boiling Point | 415ºC at 760 mmHg | Conform |
| Relative Density | 1.57 g/cm3 | Conform |
| Melting Point | 210-218 ºC | 216 ºC |
| Refractive Index | 78 ° (C=0.5, H2O) | Conform |
A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: White crystalline powder. Odorless.
Zalcitabine (2′-3′-dideoxycytidine, ddC), also called dideoxycytidine, is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) sold under the trade name Hivid. Zalcitabine was the third antiretroviral to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It is used as part of a combination regimen.
Zalcitabine appears less potent than some other nucleoside RTIs, has an inconvenient three-times daily frequency and is associated with serious adverse events. For these reasons, it is now rarely used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and it has even been removed from pharmacies entirely in some countries.
1,2-Octanediol
| Name | 1,2-Octanediol |
| Alias | 1,2-Dihydroxyoctane; 1,2-Octylene glycol; octane-1,2-diol |
| CAS No. | 1117-86-8 |
| Formula | C8H18O2 |
| Weight | 146.23 g/mol |
| Usage | Cosmetics/Pharmaceuticals/Intermediates |
| Appearance | White Solid/Colorless liquid |
Analysis Of Product
| Tests | Specifications | Results |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid | OK |
| Purity | >98.5 | 99.01% |
| Water Content | <0.5% | 0.1% |
1,2-Octanediol, also known as caprylyl glycol, is a diol with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)5CHOHCH2OH. Octane-1,2-diol is an octanediol.
Dihydromyricetin
| Name | Dihydromyricetin |
| Alias | Ampelopsin; 27200-12-0; Ampeloptin; (+)-Dihydromyricetin; (+)-Ampelopsin |
| CAS No. | 27200-12-0 |
| Formula | C15H12O8 |
| Weight | 320.253 g/mol |
| Usage | Pharmaceuticals/Intermediates |
| Appearance | White powder |
Wednesday, March 13, 2019
15(S)-HETE EIA Kit
Synonyms : 15(S)-HETE ELISA Kit
Stability : 1 year
Description :
15(S)-HETE has anti-inflammatory properties, inhibiting carragheenan-induced arthritis and lowering leukotriene B4 (LTB4) concentrations in the synovial fluid of dogs. It may regulate T-lymphocytes by inhibiting 5- and 12-LOs. It is also a vasoconstrictor, constricting cerebral and coronary arteries of dogs in vitro and cerebral arteries of pigs in vivo. 15(S)-HETE may also play a role in cancer, inhibiting apoptosis by carcinosarcoma cells.
Specificity :
15(S)-HETE 100%
15(S)-HETrE 3.03%
5(S),15(S)-DiHETE 2.87%
Storage:-20°C
Stability : 1 year
Description :
15(S)-HETE has anti-inflammatory properties, inhibiting carragheenan-induced arthritis and lowering leukotriene B4 (LTB4) concentrations in the synovial fluid of dogs. It may regulate T-lymphocytes by inhibiting 5- and 12-LOs. It is also a vasoconstrictor, constricting cerebral and coronary arteries of dogs in vitro and cerebral arteries of pigs in vivo. 15(S)-HETE may also play a role in cancer, inhibiting apoptosis by carcinosarcoma cells.
Specificity :
15(S)-HETE 100%
15(S)-HETrE 3.03%
5(S),15(S)-DiHETE 2.87%
Storage:-20°C
Cryptosporidium ELISA Kit
OTHER NAME:
cryptosporidium water test kit
cryptosporidium testing in water
Storage Instruction: Store the kit at 4°C.
The genus Cryptosporidium belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa, protozoan parasites characterized by secretory cell organells enabling the invasion of host cells. Among different human pathogenic species Cryptosporidium parvum represents the most important cause of diarrhea in man but also in several animal species (Zoonosis).
The transmission of Cryptosporidium is effected by food or drinking water contaminated with feces. Person to person transmission has also been described. After ingestion of the infective stage, the oocyst, the vegetative motile sporozoites will be released in the small intestine, where they invade into the enterocytes and stay in a parasitophorous vacuole beneath the microvilli.
The sporozoites multiply by bisection (asexually) as well as sexually. In the course of sexual multiplication micro- and macrogamonts emerge and fuse to form the infective oocyst. The oocysts can be divided into thin-wall and thick-wall oocysts: the thin-wall oocysts are responsible for autoinfections within the same host whereas the thick-wall oocysts are excreted with the feces and are therefore responsible for transmission to other hosts. The clinical picture of cryptosporidiosis is usually watery self-limiting diarrhea. However immunocompromised persons can develop prolonged and life-threatening diarrhea.
In rare cases, extraintestinal infections of e.g. the respiratory tract or bile-duct have been reported. Cryptosporidium infections are usually diagnosed by direct pathogen detection from faecal specimens either by microscopy of dyed smears, immune fluorescence microscopy or by immunological methods like ELISA. Nucleic acid amplification techniques (PCR) are also established but still restricted to special laboratories.
Enzyme immunoassays used for routine diagnostics are based on mono- or polyclonal antibodies directed to not further characterized antigens derived from the oocyst stage of the parasite. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of human Cryptosporidium parvum in fecal samples. For research use only, not for use in diagnostic procedures.
cryptosporidium water test kit
cryptosporidium testing in water
Storage Instruction: Store the kit at 4°C.
The genus Cryptosporidium belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa, protozoan parasites characterized by secretory cell organells enabling the invasion of host cells. Among different human pathogenic species Cryptosporidium parvum represents the most important cause of diarrhea in man but also in several animal species (Zoonosis).
The transmission of Cryptosporidium is effected by food or drinking water contaminated with feces. Person to person transmission has also been described. After ingestion of the infective stage, the oocyst, the vegetative motile sporozoites will be released in the small intestine, where they invade into the enterocytes and stay in a parasitophorous vacuole beneath the microvilli.
The sporozoites multiply by bisection (asexually) as well as sexually. In the course of sexual multiplication micro- and macrogamonts emerge and fuse to form the infective oocyst. The oocysts can be divided into thin-wall and thick-wall oocysts: the thin-wall oocysts are responsible for autoinfections within the same host whereas the thick-wall oocysts are excreted with the feces and are therefore responsible for transmission to other hosts. The clinical picture of cryptosporidiosis is usually watery self-limiting diarrhea. However immunocompromised persons can develop prolonged and life-threatening diarrhea.
In rare cases, extraintestinal infections of e.g. the respiratory tract or bile-duct have been reported. Cryptosporidium infections are usually diagnosed by direct pathogen detection from faecal specimens either by microscopy of dyed smears, immune fluorescence microscopy or by immunological methods like ELISA. Nucleic acid amplification techniques (PCR) are also established but still restricted to special laboratories.
Enzyme immunoassays used for routine diagnostics are based on mono- or polyclonal antibodies directed to not further characterized antigens derived from the oocyst stage of the parasite. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of human Cryptosporidium parvum in fecal samples. For research use only, not for use in diagnostic procedures.
Tuesday, March 12, 2019
Metamizole's market conditions in the EU and other developed Countries
Metamizole was patented in 1920. (Metamizole sodium is an Active pharmaceutical ingredient that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is also known as Dipyrone, Analgin, Analgine, Metamizol Sodico, Metamizolo sodico, Metamizol sodico, Metamizolo, and Metamizol sodium. Metamizole sodium is an organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl( sulfonatomethyl )amino group, commonly used as a strong painkiller, spasmodic reliever, and fever reliever.
Metamizole sodium
Name Metamizole sodium
Alias Dipyrone; Analgin; Metamizole sodium; Methampyrone; Novalgin; Sulpyrine
CAS No. 68-89-3
Formula C13H16N3NaO4S
Weight 333.338 g/mol
Usage Pharmaceuticals
Appearance White powder
It plays a role as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a non-narcotic analgesic, an antirheumatic drug, a peripheral nervous system drug, an antipyretic, a prodrug and a cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor.) Its patent protection is no longer available. If you want, you can produce it. The new drug research and development can help researcher apply for a number of patents, such as substance patent, and applying formulation patent, indication patent, prescription patent, and processing patent after a certain period of time. When the duration of the patent is nearly due, some companies authorize its generic drugs to compete with genuine drugs, so did Pfizer.
In addition, so-called generic drugs made by the original brand is to prevent other generic drugs from listing. During the development period, the exclusive right of the experimental data of the drug is the exclusive rights obtained by the pharmaceutical company. Other pharmaceutical companies can't launch generic drugs based on the experimental data of the original drug manufacturer until the data protection period elapses.
The end of the protection period will pave the way for cheaper generic drugs. With the rapid development of generic drugs, China has already been a big country making raw materials in the world, and the whole world is using our raw materials. Why not? This is a very hot business indeed, not only for pharmaceutical companies but also for raw material suppliers.
In England, it is estimated that 4 billion tablets of 500 mg acetaminophen will be consumed each year! Of course not the ordinary, cheap form, but in the form of seasoning powder that one concentrates two super-pill, in the form of hot drinks and cold ones. More importantly, the pharmaceutical industry is trying to reclassify life-threatening drugs into free circulation but to increase their profits. Recently, in the United States, they wanted to freely purchase free cholesterol inhibitors which might cause very serious, but rarely fatal side effects. It hasn't gone so far, but...whether cholesterol shouldn't be reduced or even hurt is another question. Therefore, to some extent, Metamizole's generic drug extension is beneficial to patients.
Free market distribution of life-threatening substances
The risk of free-circulating drugs like Paracetamol (also known as acetaminophen) is that Paracetamol preparations of the same active ingredient for various symptoms can easily lead to overdose taken. People don't even think that free-flowing products can be fatal, and few people read small-font warnings. If the fever or pain is not alleviated, everyone will notice the other similar product quickly. Moreover, since Paracetamol has been proven to be a weaker analgesic than Algopyrin, it may make an effect.
A well-known feature of Paracetamol is that the therapeutic dose and the dose that causes the poisoning are very close. Acetaminophen poisoning will cause liver damage, even liver death. If you do not realize Paracetamol poisoning within a few hours, liver damage will result in death. Patients suffered sweating, nausea, and vomiting, will get rid of posion in several hours after taking medicine. Symptoms of poisoning (jaundice, coma, kidney disease) after 24 hours have been reported to damage liver and then die soon.
However, in the case of overdosage, patients tend to seem calm. Within two days after taking medicine, there is no symptom of poisoning. But 5-6 days later, serious symptoms break out then the patient die. Therefore, if patients suspect that he is taking too much medicine, he should apply immediately to the toxicology department. However, the British Medical Journal reported several patients who had a Paracetamol level of less than 200 mg/L in the blood after overdose, but the patient died within a few days after being released. In fact, in the case of each overdose, the patients should be given intravenous acetylcysteine!
"Since the therapeutic and toxic doses are very close, no one taking Paracetamol would feel safe. If we only look at the statistics, taking 4 grams a day can cause liver damage and 6 grams for death. Otherwise, 150 mg/kg is already a toxic dose." The number of Australian notifications of adverse drug reactions since October 2005 was reported.
Metamizole sodium
Name Metamizole sodium
Alias Dipyrone; Analgin; Metamizole sodium; Methampyrone; Novalgin; Sulpyrine
CAS No. 68-89-3
Formula C13H16N3NaO4S
Weight 333.338 g/mol
Usage Pharmaceuticals
Appearance White powder
It plays a role as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a non-narcotic analgesic, an antirheumatic drug, a peripheral nervous system drug, an antipyretic, a prodrug and a cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor.) Its patent protection is no longer available. If you want, you can produce it. The new drug research and development can help researcher apply for a number of patents, such as substance patent, and applying formulation patent, indication patent, prescription patent, and processing patent after a certain period of time. When the duration of the patent is nearly due, some companies authorize its generic drugs to compete with genuine drugs, so did Pfizer.
In addition, so-called generic drugs made by the original brand is to prevent other generic drugs from listing. During the development period, the exclusive right of the experimental data of the drug is the exclusive rights obtained by the pharmaceutical company. Other pharmaceutical companies can't launch generic drugs based on the experimental data of the original drug manufacturer until the data protection period elapses.
The end of the protection period will pave the way for cheaper generic drugs. With the rapid development of generic drugs, China has already been a big country making raw materials in the world, and the whole world is using our raw materials. Why not? This is a very hot business indeed, not only for pharmaceutical companies but also for raw material suppliers.
In England, it is estimated that 4 billion tablets of 500 mg acetaminophen will be consumed each year! Of course not the ordinary, cheap form, but in the form of seasoning powder that one concentrates two super-pill, in the form of hot drinks and cold ones. More importantly, the pharmaceutical industry is trying to reclassify life-threatening drugs into free circulation but to increase their profits. Recently, in the United States, they wanted to freely purchase free cholesterol inhibitors which might cause very serious, but rarely fatal side effects. It hasn't gone so far, but...whether cholesterol shouldn't be reduced or even hurt is another question. Therefore, to some extent, Metamizole's generic drug extension is beneficial to patients.
Free market distribution of life-threatening substances
The risk of free-circulating drugs like Paracetamol (also known as acetaminophen) is that Paracetamol preparations of the same active ingredient for various symptoms can easily lead to overdose taken. People don't even think that free-flowing products can be fatal, and few people read small-font warnings. If the fever or pain is not alleviated, everyone will notice the other similar product quickly. Moreover, since Paracetamol has been proven to be a weaker analgesic than Algopyrin, it may make an effect.
A well-known feature of Paracetamol is that the therapeutic dose and the dose that causes the poisoning are very close. Acetaminophen poisoning will cause liver damage, even liver death. If you do not realize Paracetamol poisoning within a few hours, liver damage will result in death. Patients suffered sweating, nausea, and vomiting, will get rid of posion in several hours after taking medicine. Symptoms of poisoning (jaundice, coma, kidney disease) after 24 hours have been reported to damage liver and then die soon.
However, in the case of overdosage, patients tend to seem calm. Within two days after taking medicine, there is no symptom of poisoning. But 5-6 days later, serious symptoms break out then the patient die. Therefore, if patients suspect that he is taking too much medicine, he should apply immediately to the toxicology department. However, the British Medical Journal reported several patients who had a Paracetamol level of less than 200 mg/L in the blood after overdose, but the patient died within a few days after being released. In fact, in the case of each overdose, the patients should be given intravenous acetylcysteine!
"Since the therapeutic and toxic doses are very close, no one taking Paracetamol would feel safe. If we only look at the statistics, taking 4 grams a day can cause liver damage and 6 grams for death. Otherwise, 150 mg/kg is already a toxic dose." The number of Australian notifications of adverse drug reactions since October 2005 was reported.
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Sunday, March 10, 2019
Metamizole's latest usage and dosage description in the EU and other developed Countries
New instructions on the use and dosage of the painkiller Metamizole
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommends that the dose of Metamizole should be used consistently during pregnancy and lactation in all EU member states. This need stems from obvious differences and inconsistencies in the drug directives of several EU countries, as the drug occasionally causes serious side effects.
Metamizole
Specifically, the EMA has reviewed the human use (CHMP) for pharmaceutical products and recommends a uniform contraindication for daily maximum doses of pregnancy and lactation in the European Union. Metamizole is an analgesic that can treat severe pain and fever while other treatments are beyond control.
Recommended usage and dosage
The EMA defined a maximum dose as 1000 mg to 4 times a day, ie a maximum dose of 4000 mg per day, orally. For patients aged 15 years and older, treatment should start with the recommended minimum dose and only increase when needed. The injection dose should not exceed 5000 mg.
Young patients should be dosed based on body weight, but some products may not be suitable due to their effectiveness. For pregnancy and breastfeeding, a one-time dose is acceptable during the first 6 months of pregnancy, only if other analgesics are not available. But the drug should not be used during the last trimester of pregnancy due to the circulation and function of the kidneys of the fetus.
The Metamizole USA should not be used during breastfeeding because the baby can get a high amount of protein related to its weight.
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Wednesday, March 6, 2019
buy Dihydromyricetin (DHM/Ampelopsin) powder bulk
Product Description
Dihydromyricetin (DHM/Ampelopsin) is a flavanonol with antioxidant and anti-cancer activity, found to have anti-alcohol intoxication effects.This product is a white needle crystal (ethanol), soluble in hot water, hot ethanol and acetone, soluble in ethanol, methanol, very slightly soluble in ethyl acetate, insoluble in chloroform, petroleum ether.Vitis plant rattan tea extract, is the main active component of rattan tea flavonoids, such substances have scavenging free radicals, anti-oxidation, antithrombotic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and other special effect; And dihydrogen arbutus pigment is a kind of special flavonoids, removing alcohol, prevention of alcoholic liver, fatty liver, liver cell deterioration, reduce the incidence of liver cancer, high blood pressure, inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo thrombus formation, reduce blood fat and blood sugar levels and raise SOD activity and protect liver to protect liver, etc, has the special effect. Its anti-alcohol effects appear to be by its actions as a positive modulator of GABA-A receptors at the benzodiazepine site.
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is an organic compound naturally found in the Japanese Raisin Tree. It’s often called by it’s Latin classification Hovenia Dulcis, and is found all over Asia. As a deciduous tree, it grows up to 12m tall, and bears a berry-like fruit that tastes similar to raisins, from which it gets it’s name. The molecule we know as Dihydromyricetin is also called Ampelopsin, and is extracted using an ethanol-based solution from the bark of the Hovenia Dulcis tree, and minimally processed before it’s dehydrated and turned into a powder ready to be purified .
Application
This product is a grape vine tea extract. The main active ingredient in vine tea is flavonoids. These substances have many special effects such as scavenging free radicals, anti-oxidation, anti-thrombosis, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory. Myricetin is a special flavonoid compound. In addition to the general characteristics of flavonoids, it also has the effects of relieving alcoholism, preventing alcoholic liver, fatty liver, inhibiting hepatocyte deterioration, and reducing the incidence of liver cancer.
Dihydromyricetin toxicity is small, with a variety of biological activity, its antioxidant effect can remove oxygen free radicals, inhibit oxygen free radicals on human tissues and organs damage, to prevent oil and other food oxidation deterioration, but also as milk and other food preservative Agent. Its anti-bacterial anti-inflammatory effect can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases such as stomatitis, pharyngitis, its inhibition of tumor cells, the blocking effect of HIV infection, liver function, blood sugar, blood lipid regulation, relaxation vascular smooth muscle And the role of antihypertensive, is expected to develop people urgently need drugs or health food.
In recent years, anti-tumor pharmacodynamics study found that one of its active ingredients, snake grapefruit small molecule compounds have a strong anti-cancer effect. Dihydromyricetin research has been in the preparation of anti-leukemia and nasopharyngeal carcinoma drug applications in the field of invention patents granted. It has been ready for a class of new drugs into the clinical trial phase. The development of new Chinese medicine snake grapefruit injection is expected for the majority of leukemia, nasopharyngeal cancer patients to provide a new treatment drug. Dihydromyricetin is now widely used in the treatment of respiratory infections, the lifting of alcoholism, liver and liver protection of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, such as tablets, capsules, granules.
The diamine is six light-yl myricetin Huang, anti-inflammatory, prostaglandin synthesis inhibition, inhibition of cell proliferation and relaxation of smooth muscle cells. Diamine myricetin as therapeutic agents benign prostatic hyperplasia.
If you need to buy dihydromyricetin powder bulk or vine tea extracts and other ingredients bulk, please let us know by Email: sales@raw-pharmaceutical-materials.com and we will provide you with satisfactory service.
Tuesday, February 26, 2019
Where can I buy the original Superdrol?
You may be an experienced fitness enthusiast who has a certain understanding of the ingredients. You still want to try the amazing effects of this ingredient, no need to find a black market, just send us an email and we will provide you with satisfactory service. (Our company mainly provides the bulk or wholesale)| Name | Methasterone |
| Alias | Methyldrostanolone; 17beta-Hydroxy-2alpha,17-dimethyl-5alpha-androstan-3-one is a 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid;2a,17a-Dimethyl-5a-androst-3-one,17b-ol |
| CAS No. | 3381-88-2 |
| Formula | C21H34O2 |
| Weight | 318.492 g/mol |
| Usage | Fitness/Supplement/Pharmaceuticals |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
Superdrol was widely sold in the mid-2000s and promoted as a prohormone, actually a steroid (Methasterone) - and quite powerful. During the short 4-6 week Superdrol cycle, users typically get stones that exceed the mass of the muscle mass. To this day, many people have mentioned and thought that Superdrol is a hormone. Superdrol is actually the anabolic steroid Methasterone (also known as methyldrostanolone), originally created in the late 1950s. It was not commercialized at the time, so its original obscurity was not like the many popular steroids we know today, such as Dianabol and Masteron. Well, it was unexpectedly introduced to the market as a legal supplement until decades later.
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Wednesday, February 20, 2019
What is testosterone? Knowledge about testosterone and fitness
Testosterone is one of the most important hormones for men and women to maintain their health. Men are much more demanding than women. Testosterone is the most effective hormone for improving exercise performance. If the testosterone level is insufficient, it will not reach a high level of competition. This is why it is necessary to use more than the natural secretion dose.
What is testosterone?
Testosterone is the most important androgen responsible for testicular and prostate development as well as muscle, bone density, and strength. In addition to these basic functions, testosterone also affects our overall health level. Testosterone is low, not only has negative effects on musculoskeletal, etc. Will cause a variety of psychological problems.
As an androgen, testosterone has both anabolic and vasculogenic properties. Like all other steroid hormones, testosterone is a cholesterol derivative secreted by luteinizing hormones luteinizing hormones (LH) and follicle stimulating hormones. (FSH) adjusted. The pituitary is stimulated to release luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone, which stimulates testicular secretion of testosterone. The pituitary and testis are very important in the process of testosterone secretion.
The appearance of exogenous testosterone:
Before Adolf Butenandt and Leopold Ruzicka (both chemists won the Nobel Prize) synthetic testicles in 1935, athletes used testicular extracts to improve athletic performance. The separation and synthesis of testosterone hormones makes it possible to develop the testosterone propionate.
The various synthetic testosterone are essentially the same, differing in the ester chain that determines the time of drug release and activity in vivo.
Benefits of using exogenous testosterone:
The purpose of using testosterone is different, the dose is not the same, some people are to treat low testosterone, and some people are to improve their performance, regardless of the amount of use will have the following effects:
Increased resilience: Training actually destroys muscle tissue, and muscle growth occurs during recovery. Testosterone increases the rate at which the body recovers.
Resistance to catabolism: Some hormones cause muscle breakdown and fat accumulation, such as cortisol. Testosterone can prevent or delay its action, protect muscle tissue and prevent increased fat.
Increased red blood cells: Testosterone can increase red blood cells, increase oxygen intake and utilization, and greatly improve endurance and muscle activity.
Improved protein synthesis efficiency: Testosterone enhances the body’s ability to synthesize proteins, increases muscle circumference or maintains muscle tissue while tightly controlling caloric intake. High levels of testosterone contribute to positive nitrogen balance, allowing the body to retain more muscle.
Different types of testosterone products have the above effects.
Types of testosterone:
There are many types and uses of testosterone. The most common and most effective are injections, others are gels, oral capsules, and pills.
We mentioned that the ester chain is the difference between different types of testosterone. When used in fitness, the most common testosterone products are as follows:
- Testosterone-Propionate
- Testosterone-Enanthate
- Testosterone-Cypionate
- Testosterone-Suspension
Sustanon-250 four testosterone mixture (30mg propionate, 60mg phenylpropionate, 60mg isocaproate, 100mg decanoate)Omnadren’s four testosterone mixture (30mg propionate, 60mg phenylpropionate, 60mg isocaproate, 100mg decanoate) looks the same as Sustanon-250 but has subtle differences.
Testosterone propionate: (The first two issues have already introduced testosterone propionate in detail, friends who have not seen can go to view the historical news)
Testosterone propionate is one of the world’s first and best-selling testosterone products. Named after its fast separation of short-chain propionic acid esters. Testosterone propionate has the same effect as other testosterone, but its shorter 48-hour half-life decision must be used frequently, and most athletes will be injected once every other day to maintain a stable blood concentration.
It has been reported that testosterone propionate is more potent than other species at the same dose, but the difference is not significant. There are also some testosterone long-term users who say that testosterone propionate causes water retention to be lighter than other types.
Testosterone propionate is very effective as a simple hormone and is used by a large number of athletes, but some people feel uncomfortable because they are too sensitive to propionate. This problem can be solved by switching to other drugs.
Testosterone Enanthate:
Testosterone enanthate is very popular with testosterone propionate. Its ester chain is longer than testosterone propionate and has a half-life of about 15 days. It does not require frequent injections, especially for hormone therapy. Most athletes choose to inject twice a week, and more and more economical bodybuilders are more frequent, once every other day, although it is not necessary from the perspective of the long half-life of testosterone enanthate, but these athletes It means that the blood concentration is more stable, and the high level of testosterone brings a better feeling.
There are many companies producing and selling testosterone enanthate, the most popular being Meditech and Alpha Pharm.
Testosterone cyclopentolate:
It is almost the same as testosterone enanthate, the difference is that the half-life is only about 24 hours longer than testosterone heptanoate, which is almost negligible. The frequency of use is not much different, and the effect is also the same.
Testosterone suspension:
Testosterone enanthate and testosterone cypionate are almost twin brothers, and testosterone propionate and their difference are only short-chain, and the half-life is relatively short. The biggest difference between testosterone suspension and them is that it has no ester chain, so the conversion and utilization rate of the injection is 100%, while the absorption rate of other types is about 75%.
The absence of an ester chain in the suspension also causes it to be used frequently. The ester chain determines the time during which the steroid remains effective. For example, 100 mg of testosterone propionate with a half-life of 48 hours has a half-life of 24 hours after injection. 50 mg testosterone, 25 mg remaining after 48 hours, and so on until consumed. In less than 24 hours after the injection of 100 mg of testosterone suspension, the body is not in use. Athletes must be injected daily, or twice a day.
Testosterone suspension is a water-based injection, and almost all other testosterones are oil-based injections. Water-based injections are quicker and stronger, but the pain caused by injection is more severe, but it hurts when you say it. The degree of personal pain is also different.
Sustanon-250 four testosterone mixture:
The four testosterone mixture is a mixture of four different testosterone, and the different half-lives give the mixture a stable and sustained release property, and its composition is as follows:
Testosterone-Propionate: Testosterone propionate 30 mg
Testosterone- Phenylpropionate: Testosterone phenylpropionate 60 mg
Testosterone-Isocaproate: Testosterone 0.1 mg
Testosterone-Decanoate: Testosterone Citrate 100 mg
The purpose of Organon’s development of this blend is to make it only once every few weeks. However, the frequency of use of athletes is still relatively high. Among them, testosterone propionate and testosterone propionate have the shortest half-life, testosterone isopropionate is in the middle, and testosterone citrate has the longest ester chain. Most athletes maintain stable testosterone levels and reach peak every three days or every other day.
Omnadren four testosterone mixture:
The only subtle difference between it and Sustanon-250 is that the long-chain ester is hexanoate, and the istanon-250 is isohexanoate.
Side effects of using steroids:
Testosterone has the same side effects like all other anabolic steroids. In fact, any drug has its side effects. Common side effects of testosterone are:
Testicular Atrophy Testicular Atrophy
Water Retention
Gynecomastia scorpion milk
High Blood Pressure
Acne Acne
Adverse Cholesterol Reactions Cholesterol Problems
The only thing that will happen in these side effects is that the egg becomes smaller. This problem occurs as long as the male uses testosterone. The reason is that after the exogenous testosterone enters the body, the testicle does not need to secrete testosterone, which naturally becomes smaller. The problem will be solved as the testosterone re-starts secretion after stopping the drug.
Other side effects are basically avoidable or reversible:
Water storage reaction: Testosterone does make the body more water, but the problem is exaggerated. Most of the cases are related to diet. If the carbon water is too high, it will cause edema and water storage reaction. Testosterone will enlarge this point. Aromatase inhibitors basically solve the problem.
Hazelnut milk: This is due to the aromatization of testosterone, which can be avoided with aromatase inhibitors such as Anastrozole Arimidex or Femara Letrozole. In a more serious situation, it is better to have the surgery done.
Problems with blood pressure and cholesterol: If you have or have potential problems, testosterone may make it worse. You need to take measures to prevent it, pay attention to your usual diet and lifestyle, and it is helpful to take healthy Omega fatty acids.
Hemorrhoids: This problem we are worried about, all of them are acne ah, ah, how good the body is not good, although most steroids may cause this problem, it is exaggerated. Almost all cases are due to excessive use or poor health conditions.
Testosterone dose with C:
For patients with low testosterone, the doctor will decide to use the dose, which is generally not too high. The amount of athletes is much larger, 250 mg per week is effective, but the so-called gold standard is 500 mg per week, 1000 mg per week is not uncommon, and even someone is injected with 1500 mg of testosterone per week. It is believed that the greater the dose, the better the effect. This is not the case. 500 mg per week is sufficient for the growth of most people. The higher the dose, the greater the risk. It is your own choice whether to take the medicine and how many medicines you use. You are responsible for yourself.
Testosterone is used for C. Generally, it is at least 8 weeks, 12 weeks is more common, and the effect is better. Some veterans will do 16 weeks or more, which will greatly increase the risk-reward ratio. For most athletes, testosterone C is more effective from 12 weeks to 16 weeks and is more conducive to long-term health.
Use testosterone for at least adulthood, and ensure a balanced diet and adequate intensity training during C.
source：http://www.raw-pharmaceutical-materials.com/blog/what-testosterone-knowledge-about-testosterone-and-fitness/
Tuesday, February 19, 2019
Broccoli—Anti-cancer “expert” get an new Identity
Broccoli (Broccoliellaracea var. italica Plenck) is a cruciferous plant. It is a popular vegetable with a delicious taste and rich nutrients, including protein, carbohydrates, fats, and minerals. Broccoli seeds are rich in glucosinolates, which has 20-50mg/g, 60-70 times that of mature plants, and are high-quality raw materials for extracting glucosinolates(Glucoraphanin, which provides raphanin, sulforaphane and DIM).
To get sulforaphane from glucosinolate, you only need to chew!
The glucosinolate, whose degradation product is isothiocyanate which is mainly Sulfouraphane (SFN). SFN, also known as “Laisulfurane“, exists not only in broccoli but also in kale, northern round carrots, etc. It is an antioxidant and is the best active substance with anti-cancer effect found in vegetables so far. When you eat these vegetables, glucosinolates are converted into the active substance—sulforaphane when you chew.
Studies have shown that sulforaphane can improve the human body’s ability of detoxification, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer, and also protect the skin from UV damage. Given such special ingredients, broccoli is the leader of green vegetables, so scientists have never reduced their interest in it.
The team divided the mice into two groups, each of which was given a high-fat diet containing sulforaphane and a high-fat diet containing no sulforaphane. The body weight of each mouse was then measured and compared. The results turned out to show that the weight gain of the sulforaphane-eating group was inhibited by about 15% compared with the mice without the sulforaphane-uptake group. In addition, the amount of visceral fat is reduced by approximately 20%. In further research, the two functions of sulforaphane were newly discovered. First, sulforaphane can increase the molecular “uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1)” presenting in fat cells, which promotes the “fat cell browning” phenomenon that can increase energy consumption and fat burning. Second, sulforaphane can improve the imbalance of intestinal flora caused by high-fat diet, which might reduce the concentration of “endotoxin” in the blood that causes inflammation, and prevent diabetes by inhibiting chronic inflammation in fat tissue and liver.
Regarding the two clear effects this time, the research team believes that sulforaphane contained in broccoli sprouts can inhibit insulin resistance caused by elevated blood sugar levels by inhibiting inflammation of adipose tissue and liver, and is expected to play a role in lifestyle-related diseases. In addition, in order to verify the effectiveness and safety of this ingredient in humans, we will conduct further research in the future, and plan to use sulforaphane in the future to develop functional foods that can increase energy consumption and improve the intestinal environment.
Studies have shown that sulforaphane can improve the human body’s ability of detoxification, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer, and also protect the skin from UV damage. Given such special ingredients, broccoli is the leader of green vegetables, so scientists have never reduced their interest in it.
Inhibition of obesity was Confirmed
A joint research group consisting of Associate Professor Oda Taeto in the field of medical and health research in Kanazawa University in Japan conducted a mouse experiment and found that the sulforaphane rich in broccoli sprouts has the effect of inhibiting obesity.The team divided the mice into two groups, each of which was given a high-fat diet containing sulforaphane and a high-fat diet containing no sulforaphane. The body weight of each mouse was then measured and compared. The results turned out to show that the weight gain of the sulforaphane-eating group was inhibited by about 15% compared with the mice without the sulforaphane-uptake group. In addition, the amount of visceral fat is reduced by approximately 20%. In further research, the two functions of sulforaphane were newly discovered. First, sulforaphane can increase the molecular “uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1)” presenting in fat cells, which promotes the “fat cell browning” phenomenon that can increase energy consumption and fat burning. Second, sulforaphane can improve the imbalance of intestinal flora caused by high-fat diet, which might reduce the concentration of “endotoxin” in the blood that causes inflammation, and prevent diabetes by inhibiting chronic inflammation in fat tissue and liver.
Regarding the two clear effects this time, the research team believes that sulforaphane contained in broccoli sprouts can inhibit insulin resistance caused by elevated blood sugar levels by inhibiting inflammation of adipose tissue and liver, and is expected to play a role in lifestyle-related diseases. In addition, in order to verify the effectiveness and safety of this ingredient in humans, we will conduct further research in the future, and plan to use sulforaphane in the future to develop functional foods that can increase energy consumption and improve the intestinal environment.
New identity – “new food ingredients” broccoli seed water extract
In March 2015, China accepted the “broccoli seed extract” from Brassica Company of the United States as a new food ingredient, and officially announced the news on June 8, 2017. According to some media, the American Brassica Company was established in 1997. In 1998, it obtained the independent management right of glucosinolate in broccoli. In June 2017, its new food ingredients were approved in China.Small “expert” with various applications
1. Super Sprouts
Broccoli has traditionally been regarded as a food for beauty and weight loss and is popular in Japan. Japanese studies have found that there are not many SFNs in broccoli. The vegetables named broccoli sprouts was obtained by germination for three days of broccoli are 7-20 times of SFN higher than normal broccoli according to different varieties. Broccoli sprouts, in which the SFN content is high, are sold as super sprouts by the merchant. This super sprout is often seen in supermarkets in Japan.
2. Tea Bag & Coffee & Powder & Solid Beverage
The glucosinolate was certified by GRAS in the United States. Tea beverages and coffee containing this raw material are sold in the United States, Canada, Southeast Asia, and other countries. Health magazines claim that these drinks can improve human immunity and support overall health.
3. chewable tablets & compressed candy
4. capsules
In addition, sulforaphane is also part of cosmetics. As an antioxidant, the key component of UV resistance is used in various creams and lotions to exert a good skin care effect.
With the adoption of glucosinolate as a new food ingredient regulation, it is believed that glucosinolates will not be limited to the beauty and health care products market, and will be of great success in the future food field.
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